Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Methamphetamine leads to the alterations of microRNA profiles in the nucleus accumbens of rats

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1803366

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of METH on neuron differentiation by immunofluorescence. The NSE positive cells decreased (A) while GFAP positive cells (B) increased in the striatum, hippocampus, and NAc after METH treatment.

Article Snippet: The primary antibody of NSE (neuron specific enolase, catalog No. AF5169) and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein, catalog No. AF2594) was obtained from the R&D system (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: A tissue-bioengineering strategy for modeling rare human kidney diseases in vivo

doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26596-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Volcano plots showing the distribution of all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TSC2 −/− renal organoids compared to TSC2 +/+ (left) and TSC2 +/− (right) renal organoids (FDR < 0.05). Each dot represents a unique gene; red denotes log 2 (fold change) >2, upregulated genes in TSC2 −/− ; blue denotes log 2 (fold change) <-2, downregulated in TSC2 −/− . Selected statistically significant upregulated and downregulated genes (NCBI/Entrez names) are indicated, as determined by a two-sided Chi-Square test. b Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of RNA-Seq data from renal organoids of the three genotypes, n = 3 samples for each genotype, five organoids per sample. c Heatmap showing hierarchical clustering of three different genotypes of kidney organoids using the top 3000 most variable genes. Color scale representative of gene expression level: red denotes log 2 ≤ 3, blue denotes log 2 ≥ -3. d Representative enrichment plots corresponding to gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for pairwise comparison of TSC2 −/− vs . TSC2 +/− . e Venn diagrams indicating 187 common differentially expressed genes, including signature AML markers, in TSC2 −/− vs . TSC2 +/+ renal organoids and kidney AML vs . normal kidney. f Comparative mRNA expression levels for AML hallmark genes in TSC2 −/− , TSC2 +/+ , and TSC2 +/− renal organoids ( n = 3 each) compared to human kidney AML ( n = 28) and human kidney ( n = 8). P values for individual comparisons done using a two-sided Mann–Whitney U test are indicated. Gene expression is shown in FPKM values. g Comparative ENO2 mRNA expression levels in TSC2 +/+ and TSC2 +/− , TSC2 −/− renal organoids ( n = 3 each). P values for the indicated individual comparisons done using two-tailed Student’s t test are shown. Gene expression is shown in FPKM values. h , i Box-and-whisker plot showing minimum value, first quartile, median, third quartile and maximum value for ENO2 content ( g ) and for enolase activity ( h ) in whole extracts of TSC2 +/+ and TSC2 −/− renal organoids. P value for the 2-tailed Student’s t test comparing TSC2 −/− versus TSC2 +/+ is shown. n = 4 independent experiments, containing three organoids each.

Article Snippet: Enolase 2 activity was measured in whole organoid extracts using the human ENO2 ELISA kit (Proteintech, #KE00050), following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Gene Expression, Comparison, Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY, Two Tailed Test, Whisker Assay, Activity Assay

Journal: Critical Care

Article Title: The association of hypoglycemia with outcome of critically ill children in relation to nutritional and blood glucose control strategies

doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04514-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline and clinical characteristics, and outcome of the total and neurodevelopmental follow-up cohort

Article Snippet: Serum NSE and S100B concentrations were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Human Enolase 2/Neuron-specific Enolase Quantikine ELISA, R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK; S100B Human ELISA, BioVendor GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) on stored samples as per manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay, Transplantation Assay, Inhibition, Control

Journal: Critical Care

Article Title: The association of hypoglycemia with outcome of critically ill children in relation to nutritional and blood glucose control strategies

doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04514-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multivariable regression analyses investigating the independent association of hypoglycemia in PICU with outcome

Article Snippet: Serum NSE and S100B concentrations were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Human Enolase 2/Neuron-specific Enolase Quantikine ELISA, R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK; S100B Human ELISA, BioVendor GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) on stored samples as per manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Inhibition, Control

Journal: Critical Care

Article Title: The association of hypoglycemia with outcome of critically ill children in relation to nutritional and blood glucose control strategies

doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04514-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Models additionally adjusted for glucose metrics, PICU-stay duration and for interaction with center and randomization

Article Snippet: Serum NSE and S100B concentrations were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Human Enolase 2/Neuron-specific Enolase Quantikine ELISA, R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK; S100B Human ELISA, BioVendor GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) on stored samples as per manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques:

Journal: Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Article Title: DLK1-expressing neural progenitor cells promote tissue repair and functional recovery after cervical spinal cord injury

doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szaf014

Figure Lengend Snippet: DLK1 expression modulates the in vivo differentiation of transplanted NPCs. (A) Representative immunohistochemical images of injured spinal cord sections transplanted with control NPCs or DLK1-NPC, stained for hNSE (human neuron-specific enolase, a neuronal marker), STEM123 (human GFAP, an astrocyte marker), and hGSTπ (GSTπ, an oligodendrocyte marker). Positive cells appear violet/purple as a result of the Vector VIP HRP substrate. Scale bar: 40 μm. (B) Violin plots showing the average number of hNSE⁺, STEM123⁺, and hGSTπ⁺ cells (cells/mm²) in the injured spinal cord from both NPC and DLK1-NPC groups. The central white line indicates the median, and the upper and lower white lines represent the first and third quartiles, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired two-tailed t-tests (* P < .05).

Article Snippet: Additionally, the following human-specific primary antibodies were used: human neuron-specific enolase (hNSE), a marker for neurons (1:500; R&D Systems, MAP5169), human-specific GFAP (STEM123), a marker for astrocytes (1:500, Takara Bio.

Techniques: Expressing, In Vivo, Immunohistochemical staining, Control, Staining, Marker, Plasmid Preparation, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Methamphetamine Use in People Living with HIV: Clinical, Neurocognitive, and Blood Biomarker Profiles

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines14020443

Figure Lengend Snippet: Systemic concentrations of biomarkers related to Inflammation and Neuronal Damage. ( A ) sCD14 concentrations; ( B ) NfL concentrations; ( C ) NSE concentrations and ( D ) S100b. All the biomarkers were measured in serum samples (blood-derived) with commercially available ELISA kits. Values represented in the graphs show the median and interquartile ranges (IQR 1–3). Kruskal–Wallis’s test with Dunn’s post hoc test p -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. MAHIV: Methamphetamine users who live with HIV, PLWH: People Living with HIV, HIV: Human Immunodeficiency virus, sCD14: soluble CD14, NfL: Neurofilament light chain, NSE: Neuron-specific enolase, S100b: S100 calcium-binding protein B.

Article Snippet: Circulating biomarkers were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using commercial kits: Human soluble CD14 (sCD14) ELISA kit (catalog ID: DC140, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA); Human neuron-specific enolase (NSE) ELISA kit, Abclonal (catalog ID: RK01966-96T, ABclonal Science, Wuhan, China); Human S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) ELISA kit, (catalog ID: EEL045, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA)); and Human neurofilament light chain (NEFL) ELISA kit (catalog ID: E-EL- H26203 , Elabscience, Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Virus, Binding Assay